21 CFR Part 211 · Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals

§ 211.188 Batch production and control records

Subpart J - Records and Reports Official text on eCFR Amendment history

shall be prepared for each batch of drug product produced and shall include complete information relating to the production and control of each batch. These records shall include:

(a) An accurate reproduction of the appropriate master production or control record, checked for accuracy, dated, and signed;

(b) Documentation that each significant step in the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the batch was accomplished, including:

(1) Dates;

(2) Identity of individual major equipment and lines used;

(3) Specific identification of each batch of component or in-process material used;

(4) Weights and measures of components used in the course of processing;

(5) In-process and laboratory control results;

(6) Inspection of the packaging and labeling area before and after use;

(7) A statement of the actual yield and a statement of the percentage of theoretical yield at appropriate phases of processing;

(8) Complete labeling control records, including specimens or copies of all labeling used;

(9) Description of drug product containers and closures;

(10) Any sampling performed;

(11) Identification of the persons performing and directly supervising or checking each significant step in the operation, or if a significant step in the operation is performed by automated equipment under § 211.68 , the identification of the person checking the significant step performed by the automated equipment.

(12) Any investigation made according to § 211.192 .

(13) Results of examinations made in accordance with § 211.134 .

Independent copy, not an official legal edition. 21 CFR is a U.S. Government work in the public domain; this text comes from the eCFR and the annual CFR edition, and may lag recent amendments. The authoritative version is on ecfr.gov. Compliome is not affiliated with or endorsed by FDA. Not legal advice.

What FDA inspectors cite under § 211.188

Form FDA 483 observations citing this section, fiscal years 2009–2026 (Drugs).

  • Prepared for each batch, include complete information 584
  • Batch production and Batch Control Record Requirements 164
  • Labeling control records including specimens or copies 116
  • Labeling Control Records and Label Copies 63
  • Accurate reproduction 48
  • Identification of persons involved, each significant step 47

Warning letters citing § 211.188

114 FDA warning letters since 2017 cite this section ; the most recent:

FDA guidance that cites § 211.188

Amendment history

Federal Register documents that created or amended this section.